A Straight at the Wall production ©2006 @wiki 51 2006-09-28T22:17:27Z @wiki::190/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T22:17:27Z

**Hashimoto's Thyroiditis** Causes [[Hyperthyroidism|hyperthyroidism]]. Occurs more in woman then men, usually in the 40's age range. Caues [[Hypothyroidism|hypothyroidism]], but may be eurythroid early in disease (hashitoxocis). **Appearance** :Grossly: Dissuse enlargmente, nodular, rubbery, pale :Microscopically: Interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with formation of lymphoid follicles, **Hurtle cells** (fllicular epithelium with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm from abundant mitochondria), destruction of follicles. **Clinical Course** :Increased incidence of other autoimmune disorders :Small increased risk of developing lymphoma :Treatment is hormonal :Surgery or fine needle aspiration only if there is a dominant nodule ---- [[Category:Endocrine_Disorder]]

@wiki::189/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T22:32:06Z

**Graves' Disease** is an autoimmune disorder in the [[Thyroid_Gland|thyroid gland]]. Tt is caused by an aberant immune response leads to production of an IgG molecule, **stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI)**, which can activate the [[TSH]] receptor and lead to unrestrained thyroid hormone synthesis. There is a large, highly vascular, diffuse goiter. Microscopically there are numerous small follicles lined by extremely hyperplastic epithelia with papillary infoldings on the lumenal surfaces. Only small amounts of colloid are present since the

@wiki::188/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T16:46:41Z

**Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis** Occurs more in women than men Usually occurs post partum Causes [[Hyperthyroidism|hyperthyroidism]] Painless Self limited ''Histology'' Lymphocytic infiltration in interstitium with destruction of follicles. With or without fibrosis. No lymphoid follicles of plasma cells. ---- [[Category:Endocrine_Disorder]]

@wiki::187/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T16:42:10Z

**Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis** is caused by a viral infection characterized by intense inflammatory infiltration of the thyroid and disruption of the follicles. Thyroid swelling with pain and local tenderness are typical of this condition, A painless form if thyroiditis with transient hyperthyroidism may occur in women after childbirth. ==== It occurs 3x more in females than males. It occurs in 30-40's years of age. It presents with a fever with painful enlargement of the thyroid gland. It is usually self limiting and only lasts for weeks or months. It leads to [[Hyperthyroidism|hyperthyroidism]]. ==== Treatment is with acetominophen or NSAID's ==== ''Gross appearance'' Assymetric. Firm yellow white ==== ''Histology'' Patchy involvement with different stages of inflammation. Acute- Microabsecess (follicles with neutriphils). Granulomatous - multinucleated giant cells, macrophages, and enlarged follicular cells around pools of colloid. Late - chronic inflammation and fibrosis.

@wiki::186/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T16:28:37Z

**Aberrant thyroid** is ectopic [[Thyroid_Gland|thyroid]] tissue found anywhere along the migratory path of the developing thyroid gland. Incomplete descent leads to a **lingual thyroid**, excessive descent leads to a **substernal thyroid.** It may be subject to any of the diseases that affect the thyroid gland. It may be the only thyroid tissue present so its removal can cause [[Hypothyroidism|hypothyroidism]]. ---- [[Category:Endocrine_Disorder]]

@wiki::185/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T16:22:09Z

A **thyroglossal cyst** is a congenital abnormality in which a remnant of the thyroglossal duct persists. It occurs midline, often near the hyoid bone. It is lined by squamous or respiratory type (columnar) epithelium with thyroid foillicles and lymphoid tissue in the wall of adjacent soft tissue. ---- [[Category:Endocrine_Disorder]]

@wiki::184/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T15:29:03Z

==Thyroid Neoplasms== ==== **Folllicular Adenoma** Most common benign tumor of the thryroid gland. Usually first detected by neck palpatation. Thyroid nodules large enough to be detected by external palpatation should be evaluated for malignancy with a fine needle aspiration. A few may require excisional biopsy to exclude malignant carcinoma. If a nodule is found to be benign, treatment is close observation. ==== ---- [[Category:Endocrine_Disorder]] [[Category:Endocrinology]]

@wiki::183/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T22:18:58Z

**Hyperthyroidism** si the condition of overproduction of [[Thyroid_Hormone|thyroid hormone]]. Hyperthyroidism is due to either overstimulation of the thyroid as part of an aoutoimmine

@wiki::182/ 2006-09-28 2006-09-28T02:48:07Z

**Hypothyroidism** is the condition of deficient [[Thyroid_Hormone|TH]] by the [[Thryoid_Gland}thyroid gland]]. ---- [[Category:Endocrine_Disorder]] [[Category:Endocrinology]]

@wiki::181/ 2006-09-27 2006-09-28T01:40:40Z

The [[Thyroid_Gland|thyroid gland]] produces two single amino acid hormones **thyroxine (T4)** and **triiodothyronine (T3)**, both iodinated derivates of the thyronine nucleus. **Reverse T3** - inactive molecule resulting from the removal of the 5' iodine of T4. ---- [[Category:Endocrinology]]